Sulphur burps (also called sulphurous burps or “rotten egg” burps) are an unpleasant side effect experienced by some individuals from GLP-1 injections, such as semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro), for weight management. These distinctive, foul-smelling burps occur when hydrogen sulphide gas is produced in the digestive system. With GLP-1 medications, this may happen due to delayed gastric emptying, which allows food to remain in the stomach longer, potentially leading to bacterial fermentation and gas production with a characteristic sulphurous odour.
Common symptoms
- Burps with a distinctive “rotten egg” or sulphur smell
- Unpleasant taste in the mouth
- Frequent belching
- Possible accompanying bloating or abdominal discomfort
- May be worse after consuming certain foods
- Often occurs alongside other digestive symptoms
How common are sulphur burps with GLP-1 treatments?
Whilst sulphur burps specifically are not typically isolated as a distinct side effect in major clinical trials, they are frequently reported by people taking GLP-1 treatments. Anecdotal reports suggest that these burps, like other gastrointestinal issues, are worse when patients begin taking their drugs or step up to higher dosages.
Managing sulphur burps whilst on GLP-1 treatments
Dietary modifications
- Identify and limit trigger foods such as high-protein foods, eggs, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and other sulphur-containing foods
- Reduce consumption of fried and fatty foods which can slow digestion further
- Limit or avoid garlic, onions, and spicy foods which may exacerbate symptoms
- Eat smaller, more frequent meals rather than large portions
- Chew food thoroughly to aid digestion and reduce gas formation
Lifestyle adjustments
- Avoid carbonated beverages which introduce more gas into the digestive system
- Limit alcohol consumption which can worsen digestive issues
- Stay upright after eating for at least 30 minutes to aid digestion
- Consider a food diary to identify specific triggers for your sulphur burps
- Practice stress reduction techniques as stress can affect digestive processes
Supplement and medication approaches
- Probiotics may help restore a healthier balance of gut bacteria
- Activated charcoal tablets may help absorb excess gas and reduce odour (consult healthcare provider first)
- Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) may help reduce sulphur production
- Dimeticone found is products such Wind-Setlers can help break up gas bubbles in the digestive tract
Timing strategies
- Consider adjusting when you take the GLP-1 medication in consultation with your healthcare provider
- Space meals evenly throughout the day to avoid overwhelming digestive capacity
- Wait 2-3 hours after eating before lying down to reduce risk of reflux
When to seek medical advice
Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:
- Sulphur burps that are severe or persist despite management strategies
- Symptoms that significantly impact your quality of life
- Severe abdominal pain or persistent discomfort
- Sulphur burps accompanied by fever, significant nausea, or vomiting
- Unexplained weight loss beyond what’s expected from the medication
Long-term outlook
For most patients, sulphur burps are a temporary side effect that improves as the body adjusts to GLP-1 treatment. Most patients reporting unusual belching or digestive disturbances note significant improvement within a few weeks of starting treatment, particularly when implementing appropriate dietary and lifestyle modifications.
FAQs
Can sulphur burps indicate a more serious problem?
Whilst usually just an unpleasant side effect, persistent sulphur burps may occasionally signal other issues like small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), H. Pylori or other digestive infections. Consult your healthcare provider if symptoms are severe or persistent.
Will switching to a different GLP-1 medication help?
Some patients report different digestive side effect profiles with different GLP-1 medications, but this varies by individual. Discuss options with your healthcare provider before making any changes.
Should I stop taking my medication if I experience sulphur burps?
Do not discontinue your medication without consulting your healthcare provider. In most cases, the symptom can be managed with dietary and lifestyle changes.
Can over-the-counter antacids help with sulphur burps?
Traditional antacids may not directly address sulphur burps, as they primarily target stomach acid rather than gas production. Products specifically formulated for gas (containing simethicone) may be more helpful.
How long do sulphur burps typically last?
For most patients, these symptoms improve within a few weeks as the body adjusts to the medication, particularly if appropriate dietary modifications are implemented.
